Saturday, May 23, 2020

The Mystery Of God By Paul Evdokimov - 834 Words

Today’s world is filled with evidence of the Fall of creation. One only has to turn on the news to hear horrific travesties of the day. Murder, terrorists attacks, rape, slander, etc., humanity was not made to participate in acts of violence and abuse but to be divine and deify the created order. How does humanity reorient to its true purpose and true nature – worship and praise God? Paul Evdokimov, an Eastern Christian theology, writes in his book, The Art of the Icon: A Theology of Beauty, Beauty redeems humanity and deifies it bringing it back to its original state of worship, peace and harmony. â€Å"Beauty is the splendor of truth† (Chapter 1, Part I). It is God. The mystery of God is revealed as humanity encounters Beauty and transcends one’s earthly state. Natural beauty in the created order shines of the light of God but does not bare God’s identity. For the beautiful to be God, one â€Å"must nourish and enlighten man’s spirit† (Chapter 7, Part I). â€Å"The beautiful, then, is a shining forth, an epiphany, of the mysterious depths of being, of that interiority that is a witness to the intimate relation between the body and the spirit. ‘Ordered’ and ‘defied’ nature allows us to see God’s Beauty through the human face of Christ† (Chapter 3, Part I). Humanity was created out of God and for God. Prior to the Fall, Adam and Eve were perfect in image and likeness of God. Their dominion over the created order was one of appropriate and dignifying use to offer it back to GodShow MoreRelated Is Veneration of Icons Idolatry? Essay3451 Words   |  14 Pagesof God was inconceivable in view of Gods ineffable and unknowable qualities. Claim that icons were a sacred art was, iconoclasts argued, simply to clothe them in superstition and even heresy since they denied any presence of the person represented, the prototype, in his iconographic image. They could not see that the icon portrayed the visible of the invisible and the invisible in the visible (Evdokimov, 1972:193-194). Calvin, in arguing against the use of icons, said the majesty of God isRead MoreByzantine Sacred Arts Bearing The Mystic Ideal Of Human Deification As Ontological Therapy1213 Words   |  5 Pagesto Orthodoxy, is the perfect (re)union with God. The Orthodox term for the mystery of divine-human (theandric) reconciliation is â€Å"deification† or â€Å"theosis† (ÃŽ ¸ÃŽ ­Ãâ€°ÃÆ'ÃŽ ¹Ãâ€š). There are three main theological sources that feed this crucial theologeme. In his Gospel, John says: â€Å"ÃŽÅ¡ÃŽ ±Ã¡ ½ ¶ á ½  ΛÏÅ'ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ¿Ãâ€š ÏÆ'ÃŽ ¬Ã ÃŽ ¾ á ¼ ÃŽ ³ÃŽ ­ÃŽ ½ÃŽ µÃâ€žÃŽ ¿ ÃŽ ºÃŽ ±Ã¡ ½ ¶ á ¼ ÃÆ'ÃŽ ºÃŽ ®ÃŽ ½Ãâ€°ÃÆ'ÃŽ µÃŽ ½ á ¼ ÃŽ ½ á ¼ ¡ÃŽ ¼Ã¡ ¿â€"ÃŽ ½,† that is â€Å"And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us.† Human deification is made possible by the incarnation of the Logos of God. Later, Paul, as a testimony of this eschat ological experience

Monday, May 18, 2020

My First Grade Teacher At The Age Of Five Years Essay

I began attending school at the age of five years. In those days Kindergarten had not been invented. Although I remember my first grade teacher, Miss Lillian Bush, quite well, I recollect little about the classroom activities. I remember the â€Å"Sage grass† forts, the games we played and some things I won’t mention. I have held on to a vivid image of the school house, but the education part is not that clear. My father often talked about the Oak Hill School on Blackjack Mountain. It was a one room school house; however, we were modern at Romance where I attended. We had a four room school house and a stage, â€Å"to boot.† There was a foldaway wall between two of the class room and by folding it, an auditorium was created. Miss Bush taught the Arithmetic Class aided by a â€Å"Bead Board† and most students favored that class. Her â€Å"Bead Board† had the appearance of a giant Abacus; although, I had never seen an Abacus at that time. Anyhow, my classmates and I were taught Addition, Subtraction and the Multiplication Table and enjoyed watching Miss Bush operate her â€Å"Bead Board† at the same time. And, somewhere along the way we became conscious of the difference in a day and a thousand years. A number of years beyond the first grade, these words from Peter came to my attention:, â€Å"But, beloved, do not forget this one thing, that with the Lord one day is as a thousand years, and a thousand years as one day. (II Peter 3:8) A superficial reading of that verse might cause one toShow MoreRelatedWhy I Am A Teacher933 Words   |  4 PagesWe are first taught to speak, because we need words to acquire the skill of writing, and then we are taught to write, because we need a way to express ourselves. There has to be a beginning, each and every distinct story has a beginning, but how can we find the beginning when we were incoherent of who we were? In the society that we grew up in writing is a must, in fact the better writers we are the further we will go in life, or that’s what everyone says right? So at a young age I remember thatRead MoreThe Education Of Young People919 Words   |  4 Pageslearn something new in their life, supervised by the teacher. However, eve ry school around the globe have their own strategy of giving education, and every countries school are different. Next, Government supported for free public school for all who wish to go school in Nepal at their appropriate age. However, most of the students complete their high school at age of eighteen in Nepal, and started first year of college, which is plus two for grade eleven and twelve. After that, school will provideRead MoreThe Importance Of Pre-K Courses994 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween the ages of three and five. At age four I was enrolled in pre-k courses at Blessed Trinity Catholic School. This was the start of my faith and spiritual journey towards Catholicism. Blessed Trinity is a private school in Jacksonville which offers courses for elementary students and also middle school students. Typically classes were no larger than 30 students per class and per grade with one individual teacher for each grade. The daily routine stood for every student, teacher and facultyRead MoreWhy I Should Become A Teacher1044 Words   |  5 PagesWhy Do I Want to Become a Teacher? Are teachers important? When you think about teachers do you think that they get the same pay grade as doctors, lawyers, or politicians? No teachers do not even come close, but does that mean that they are that less important? Teachers have the most challenging and important job in the world. Teachers have a very difficult job but in the end, it is rewarding. Teachers get to see children develop into bright leaders, and know in their hearts that they helped shapedRead MoreWalking And Biking : Reading Skills Essay1191 Words   |  5 Pagesindividual improves their reading capabilities change over time as well. In the same way, I initially improved my reading ability and changed my interests through the help of my parents, then later my teachers, and finally, in spite of a dark period of little improvement, through my own effort. As a baby, and later as a toddler, my parents made a point to begin my education in literacy, my mother especially. She made a point to read to me nearly every day, and we frequented the library. As a toddlerRead MoreDay Care1487 Words   |  6 PagesDay Care Beneficial Is day care beneficial for children under the age of five? Should one parent stay home with children for the first few years of life? Develop a thesis statement about some aspect of the day-care-versus-home issue and support it in your argumentative essay. Nationally, the employment rate of mothers with children under the age of five has increased throughout the world. If both a mother and a father are employed, who will care for their young children? Normally, some familiesRead MoreEssay On Self Esteem998 Words   |  4 Pages Kindergarten through fifth grade was quite a journey for myself and my mom due to all the information and experiences I was accumulating. I began kindergarten at the age of five, and this being my first year of learning really tested my memory. Throughout the year so much information was being thrown towards me. From letters and numbers to colors and shapes, I realized I was expected to memorize these concepts and know them. â€Å"Children realize they need to remember some things, and they try to doRead MoreSidewalk Essay1021 Words   |  5 Pagesway. Throughout my elementary school years I was worried and stressed out because I had a speech class that I went to three days a week when I was in kindergarten. Mrs. Mackenzie was an awesome teacher, she made us feel welcomed there and she cared about her students. Kindergarten through third grade, three days a week I had a speech class. After I completed the second grade I figured I would not go back to that tutoring class. Jokes on me because the next school year my teacher got me put backRead MoreWalking And Biking By Eric Carle1192 Words   |  5 Pagesindividual improves their reading capabilities change over time as well. In the same way, I initially improved my reading ability and changed my interests through the help of my parents, then later my teachers, and finally, in spite of a dark period of little improvement, through my own effort. As a baby, and later as a toddler, my parents made a point to begin my education in literacy, my mother especially. She made a point to read to me nearly every day, and we frequented the library. As a toddlerRead MoreUnderstanding Childhood Development Is Essential1236 Words   |  5 Pagesapproach focuses on the different age groups and what is often to be expected through each phase. Theorist Erik Erikson proposed a theory that outlined an individual’s development from birth to death. Erikson focused on how people’s sense of identity developed, and how the belief of oneself allows him or her to feel like a valuable member of society or not. Erikson’s fourth stage in which he named â€Å"industry vs. inferiority† was greatly portrayed by the grade five students I observed. He describes

Tuesday, May 12, 2020

Assessment Of Stream Health At Conley Run Through The...

Assessment of Stream Health at Conley Run Through the Sampling of Benthic Macroinvertebrates C.J. Laurin, C.J. Hess, M.C. Taddeo Introduction Located near Cowan, Pennsylvania, Conley Run is a tributary of Buffalo Creek that has experienced severe degradation due to agricultural activity. Specifically, the deposition of large amounts of animal wastes, pesticides, and fertilizers has resulted in significant eutrophication throughout the stream. Furthermore, bank degradation associated with the movement of livestock has caused the displacement of foreign sediments into stream habitats. These factors, among many others, have caused the lake to be considered â€Å"impaired† by PA-DEP. In response, the Buffalo Creek Watershed Alliance, the the Union County Conservation District, and the Department of Environmental Protection and Fish and Boat Commision have partnered in an effort to restore stream habitat and create a riparian buffer to protect the stream. A separate tributary of Buffalo Creek, known as Stony Run, lies upstream from Conley Run. Since it is located in a dense wooded area with little to no agricultural interference, Stony Run has experienced very little degradation in comparison to Conley Run. However, Stony Run also shares a number of similar physical characteristics with Conley Run, such as discharge, watershed area, elevation and slope. Therefore, it will serve as a reference stream for this study. The objective of this study was to assess the stream habitat quality

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Hate Crime Essay - 1551 Words

Additionally, hate crimes towards the LGBT community are on the rise. Offenders with negative views of LGBT people are inflicting pain onto those they deem sinful. According to the FBI, sexual orientation motivated nearly 18% of all hate crimes in 2016. Though the number may not seem excessive, sexuality is currently the third leading incentive for hate crimes and rising (FBI). For instance, in 2016, the New York Times reported Omar Mateen, an American who pledged allegiance to ISIS, attacked an LGBT nightclub killing 49 and wounding 53 (Barry et al.). He deemed them undeserving of life because of their sexual orientations. Furthermore, persecuting someone for their decisions normalizes the inadmissibility of personal choice for sexuality.†¦show more content†¦Another area that demands acceptance towards sexual orientation is by parents. The average American has heard about an instance where someone â€Å"came out of the closet.† Although, most people don’t thi nk about what happens after they tell their parents the truth about their sexuality. For millions of teens across America, their situation results in either running away or being kicked out. According to the TrueColorsFund website, homelessness is experienced by over 1.5 million youth a year, and up to 40% are LGBT. Considering the LGBT community is far smaller than 40% of the entire youth population, a problem is obviously occurring. To extend, the leading cause of homelessness is family disputes over the child’s sexuality (Durso and Gates 4). When a child tells their parents, a negative reaction is expected. In many cases, though, the parents overreact and kick them out because they think abandonment will change their mind and the child will come crawling back. Not accepting their child surrenders them to possibly years on the streets, exposing them to drugs, rape, and prostitution. When their parent’s rejection combines with the common mental health issues of LGBT teens, suicide rates skyrocket. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, â€Å"Nearly one-third (29%) of LGB youth had attempted suicide at least once in the prior year compared to 6% ofShow MoreRelatedHate Crimes Essay936 Words   |  4 PagesEssay #2: What are the roots of the violence/hate crimes today in our contemporary society? What can we do to reduce them? Explain. The world is full of HATE. What is this word? What makes someone HATE someone else enough to kill or harm another human being? Hate crimes are criminal actions intended to harm or intimidate people because of their race, ethnicity, sexual orientation, religion, or other minority group status. They are also referred to as bias crimes. Hate crimes have been goingRead MoreHate Crimes Essay1417 Words   |  6 PagesCrimes I. Intro-What is a hate crime . A hate crime is when a person intentionally selects a victim because of the race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, gender or sexual orientation. A person who commits a hate crime can come from any background and be any race. The term hate crime is meant to differentiate criminal behavior that is caused by prejudice from behavior that is motivated by greed jealously, anger, politics and like. Hate groups differ from one another in terms of membershipRead MoreEssay on hate crimes661 Words   |  3 Pages Defining Hate Crimes Hate crimes has become an increasing problem here in the united states ranging from racial hatred to gender discrimination but what are hate crimes? According to Dr. Jack McDevitt, a criminologist at Northeastern University in Boston Hate crimes are message crimes, Hate crimes are defined as crimes that are violent act against people, property, or organizations because of the group to which they belong or identify with. The coined term â€Å"hate crimes† was first used No matterRead More Hate Crimes Essay902 Words   |  4 Pages Hate Crimes I. What are Hate Crimes A. Definitions for Hate Crimes B. Counting Hate Crimes 1. White Power 2. Black Power II. Examples of Hate Crimes A. Hate Crime penalties III. Reasons for Hate Crimes Even though Hate Crimes have been around in the past, and have been most certainly been more violent in the past. Hate Crimes are most certainly still a problem in todays society, but it is not dealt with the same violent manner as previously performed in the past. There are still violent actsRead MoreEssay on Hate Crime Analysis1420 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime Analysis Kim Hull CJA/540 Criminological Theory October 13, 2011 Facilitator David Mailloux CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I  certify that  the attached  paper is my original work. I am familiar with, and acknowledge my responsibilities which are part of, the University of Phoenix Student Code of Academic Integrity. I affirm that any section of the paper which has been submitted previously is attributed and cited as such, and that this paper has not been submitted by anyone else.  I haveRead MoreReligion and Hate Crimes Essay2507 Words   |  11 PagesIn 2007, according to the Federal Bureau Investigation of the Nation’s law enforcement agencies â€Å"there were 9,535 victims of hate crimes; of these victims17.1 percent were victimized because of a bias against a religious belief which totaled to be 1,628 victims of an anti-religious hate crime† (1). Almost ten thousand people were victims of hate crimes alone in 2007. That is something to be alarmed about because part of living in the U.S.A as minority is to have freedom to do and be anything youRead MoreReligion and Hate Crimes Essay2520 Words   |  11 PagesIn 2008, the Uniform Crime Reporting program of the U.S. Department of Justice — Federal Bureau of Investigation reported that â€Å"13,690 law enforcement agencies submitted hate crime data to the UCR Program. Of these agencies, 2,145 reported 7,783 hate crime incidents involving 9,168 offenses and of the 7,780 single-bias incidents reported in 2008, 19.5 percent were motivated by religious bias† (1). The statistics of 2008 are alarming to look at because the numbers of hate crimes committed in that yearRead MoreThe Many Forms of Hate Crimes Essay687 Words   |  3 PagesThe Many Forms of Hate Crimes The issue of hate crimes has greatly affected the way in which people interact. A hate crime is defined as any act of violence or verbal slashing of a person based upon race, religious belief, or ones sexuality. There are several other grounds for determining a hate crime depending upon guidelines in written laws. Hate crimes are said to have originally derived from the unjust treatment of Jewish cultures during the Holocaust in World War II. Slavery of AfricanRead MoreEssay about Hate Crime Victimization1642 Words   |  7 Pagesof murders, assaults, and acts of vandalism and desecration were fueled by bigotry† (Karmen, 2013, p. 350). Hate crime victimization is a very prevalent and serious issue that exists amongst our society today that is often used to demonstrate a form of hate towards a particular group of people; primarily minority groups. â€Å"Although each state employs a different definition of hate crime, most statutes include groups singled out on the basi s of race (such as African Americans or Asian Americans)Read MoreEssay on Hate Crime1498 Words   |  6 PagesHate Crime   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Violence motivated by a bias against victims’ characteristics which include race, religion, ethnic background, national origin, gender, or sexual orientation, represents a serious threat to all communities. Experts estimate that a bias-related crime is committed every 14 minutes. Criminal justice officials and state policy makers need to realize that it is key to make or adjust hate crime legislation. This has been a heated debate for centuries

Communication task Free Essays

British sign language which is a specific sis language that is used in Britain, the use of megaton, which is a simplified verse n of the British sign language that is used for children or those with disabilities or the use of signs, symbols, pictures, writing and finger spelling which gives a person that I s unable to talk or hear an effective way to communicate with friends, family and career believe that interpersonal interactions are just as important as any other method of communication this is because the way interpersonal interactions are used ca determine many things within a conversation e. . If you have poor body langue age like crossed legs and playing with a pen it suggests that you are not paying attention n and you are not interested in what the other person is saying. We will write a custom essay sample on Communication task or any similar topic only for you Order Now Will now explain the e role of effective communication and interpersonal interactions within two scenarios. Scenario 1 Alfa will not leave his room after accusing other residents in a residential home for stealing his money before the career found this money in Alfa pocket. The care r would have to communicate with Alfa to help the situation as a one to one context to encourage Alfa to feel comfortable as he may not feel comfortable talking about the situate ion when other residents or careers are present because he may feel embarrassed. As Alfa is a welsh speaker a career that has the ability to speak welsh should b allocated to talk to Alfa to prevent any language barriers that may arise. This WI II be a formal conversation between professional and a person using the service. The career will have to use oral communication as it is the most effective WA y to gain an immediate response and to be able to show your emotion such as using b DOD language. Body language is an important nonverbal interpersonal interaction because it can show another person our emotions e. G. If you are moving around and lo king away lot it can suggest you are not interested in what they are saying and also it c an be altered to gain another trust and to ensure they feel comfortable. The career would have to speak in a respectful manner towards Alfa and adder sees his collect to be able to communicate effectively e. G. It is disrespectful to speak to your elders with slang unless you know them very well because it may offend them or they may simply not understand a youths slang such as ‘alright lad’ they don’t ACTA ally mean that they are talking to a male its a nickname for a friend or someone they an Alfa has a hearing problem so he wears a hearing aid which is a technological al aid to communication however even with the hearing aid the career should use a Simi plea lexis and speak clearly so that he can understand, the career should also be facing A If so that the career’s voice is projected towards him more efficiently. The career would have to use nonverbal interpersonal interactions by shows Eng a positive posture which consists of not crossing your arms and legs. By showing g this positive posture the career is showing Alfa that they are interested in his though TTS and feelings of the situation. The career would also use reflective listening by asking g Alfa questions to empower him. Facial expressions are read when a face to face conversation is taking place so the career should ensure that they have a gyms atheistic and caring facial expression to encourage Alfa to talk about the way he feels, the e career should ensure that they do not have an angry or happy facial expression became use this might suggest to Alfa that the career is annoyed with him or finds the situation f noun which may encourage Alfa to feel uncomfortable and anxious. Following the meeting the career should use written communication to log t e situation down into a book such as an incident book, so that if needed to the information on is there permanently so it can be reviewed. The career could also use technological communication by Emailing or testing the main career to inform them of the sis tuition that has occurred because tech analogical communication is the most effective way if you need to inform someone of something and do not need an immediate response Scenario 2 Rosier is a young women who is terminally ill, she informs the career that she re ally wants to leave hospital to go home. The career would have to communicate with Rossi e and Rookie’s family within a group context, this will be because as Rosier deteriorate s her family would be held responsible to care for her as well as a district nurse. The career would have to use technological communication to contact a doctor or that can inform Rosier and her family of all the effects that can occur if Rosier is to g o home. Rosier would have to communicate with a professional to find out whether she can go home and if so what precautions should be taken. Different professionals would have to work together to try meet the needs f Rosier which is multidimensional working, this can include Rookie’s career, a doctor an d a counselor working together to see if it is suitable for Rosier to go home. The career should empower Rosier by encouraging her to tell the career why s he wants to go home, the career could use silence while Rosier is talking because the pop e r Of silence is significant however at the same time the career should be using facial expressions and body movement to show that they are listening. The career c loud place her hand on Rookie’s shoulder to communicate through touch, this shows that he career is understanding and is trying to comfort Rosier. 2 As Rosier has a different dialect to the career because she is from different r colon Rosier pronounces words differently and also uses different words and phrase s e. G. Rosier is originally from London and has the cockney accent, the cockney ace changes a lot of words e. . The English word hair they change to Barnett, the c are would have to listen attentively to ensure that she does not misunderstand what Or sis IS saying. Rookie’s counselor suggests that she could use arts and crafts to release her negative motions as arts and crafts are known as therapeutic activities which are often n used with children and adults that have mental health Illnesses to boost their moo d. As Rookie’s condition deteriorates she may become unable to communicate effectively through oral communication so the career should teach her different signs and symbols to use to communicate, signs and symbols are very helpful for people that ca not communicate orally or people that simply do not want to because of a condition on such as selective mutatis, they can use these signs and symbols so that the people AR undo them can understand what they want to say or need. There are many different aspects to being able to communicate effectively and most of them are used in our everyday lives e. G. Communication forms such as text messaging are used all the time to connect with our friends and family. After explaining the role of effective communication and interpersonal interaction in a health and social care context it shows just how important effective communication is to be able e to be understood. Effective communication is important because without it patients wouldn’t e able to receive the care that they need because of poor or no communication interpersonal interactions are also important so that the emotion behind ha t a person is saying is not misunderstood. 3 PA Discuss theories of communication will be discussing two theories of communication one as a that applies to a o en to one context and the other as a group context. Jean’s theory assists in giving effective communication to patients, this once auroras the patient to trust the caregiver. Jean’s theory (1986) consists of a technique called ‘SOLES and each letter h s a different step in order to communicate effectively. Jean’s theory can only be used in a one to one context however it can be formal or informal. The ‘S’ is for sitting at a comfortable distance and angle, the ‘O’ is for open p suture, the ‘L’ is for leaning,looking and listening the ‘E’ is for effective eye contact and the ‘ R’ is for remaining relatively relaxed. A situation that is suitable for this theory would be a General Practitioner TA King to their patient, this is suitable because it is a situation where the context is one to on e and it is formal. A GAP would use the ‘SOLES’ technique from the moment their patient walks through the door, they should be sitting at the right angle which is head on to the patient and they should be sitting at a comfortable distance not too close and not too far away because e the patient may feel that they are not important if they are sat far away however they ma y feel intimidated if the GAP sits too close to them. They should sit with an open posture with their arms and legs uncrossed to prevent the patient from feeling that the GAP is uninterested. They shouldn’t put anything I n between themselves and the patient e. . A table, a cup Of coffee/ tea because this may give the impression that they are putting a physical barrier in between a professional and a user of the service which can cause the patient to feel they do not want to have a connect ion with the GAP leading to the patient not telling the GAP what their problem is. When a GAP is talking to their patient they should lean forward every now an d then, they should look as if they are genuinely interested and listen attentively all these s tepees empower the patient which should encourage the patient that they can take control Oft e conversation supporting their confidence. A GAP should use effective eye contact when communicating to a patient to ensure the patient knows the GAP is listening to them which should be done by looking at the but not staring, however if the patient has a condition such as anxiety this may make them feel uncomfortable and anxious. The GAP should remain relaxed and talk with a calm and almost sympathetic voice throughout the session so that the patient does not become panicked however re if the patient becomes aggressive the GAP should talk in an assertive voice and try to diffuse he situation encouraging patient to calm down. Jean’s theory would also be effective when a counselor is talking to their p tenant however it wouldn’t be effective at a work meeting because this is within a group and Egg Nan’s theory is for a one to one context. Barnyard’s theory is used within groups and could be formal or informal. It works by noticing the dynamics within a group and preventing or encouraging them. Barnyard’s theory could be used at a daycare centre because this is a group. In the group some children have been attending for a long time and some may be new, so the children that eve been there longer have had chance to bond and get to know each other whereas the newer children may no t want to be there and may try to be destructive toward ads the discussions or just too shy to bond with others. How to cite Communication task, Papers

The Sale Of Burmah Castrol To Bp Amoco Commerce Essay Example For Students

The Sale Of Burmah Castrol To Bp Amoco Commerce Essay This instance survey focuses on the elaborate analysis of concern environment, resources of the administration, organizational construction and corporate parenting of sale of Burmah Castrol to BP Amoco instance. This instance analyze identifies different methodological analysis of why Burmah Castrol sells its workss to BP Amoco. The Burmah Oil Company was founded in 1886 by Scots enterprisers interested in working freshly found oil sedimentations in Burma. Burmah held a major shareholding in BP right through until the early 1970s. Indeed, after a long period runing efficaciously as an inter- mediate keeping company for BP portions, the direction of Burmah in the sixtiess used the value of the portions as collateral to ship on an ambitious program to turn Burmah into both a to the full integrated oil company and a significant pudding stone group. This analysis will incorporate a layout which will analyze Burmah Castrol public presentation and their ultimate effects through a measure by measure attack. An debut has been given on Burmah Castrol sale to BP Amoco, a elaborate analysis on public presentation spread such as ends and aims, leading, civilization, organizational construction, corporate parenting, concern environment of the company. Under each structural reform there in an account on what lead Burmah to sell it workss to BP Amoco, what are the features of each construction and what lead to its failure. After the critical analysis of construction I will be adverting the critical issue at Sony. In order to warrant my statement I will be utilizing strategic direction theoretical accounts and theories such as, 5 forces theoretical account, GAP analysis, 7S matrix, SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, corporate parenting, value concatenation analysis and eventually ternary cringle larning method. A separate section of this study will aim on replying the inquiry is Castrol a turning company, and recommendation that have to be considered by them. After reasoning the analysis I will present my recommendation for BP and it will be followed by a suggestion suggested for BP Amoco to purchase Burmah Castrol. Finally an action program is developed for what has to be done by the companies where I have concentrated on three chief facets, viz. , selling, structural reforms and cost effectivity of the company. Outline1 Critical issues2 Critical rating3 Rival analysis4 Pull offing alteration5 Fiscal public presentation of Castrol6 Decision7 Recommendation8 Justification9 Mentions10 Appendixs11 APPENDIX 112 MC KINSEY S 7SMATRIX13 Scheme14 Structure15 Systems16 Manner17 Staff18 Shared Valuess19 Skills20 Appendix 221 SWOT Analysis22 Strengths23 Failings24 Opportunities25 A Menaces26 Appendix 327 Industrial Environment analysis of Castrol by utilizing Porter s Five Forces theoretical account28 Appendix 429 Plague Analysis30 POLITICAL31 A A A A32 A A ECONOMIC33 SOCIAL34 A A A A A35 A Technology36 Appendix 537 Organizational construction38 Appendix 639 Value Chain analysis40 Firm Infrastructure41 Technology Development42 Human Resource Management43 Procurement44 Inbound Logistic45 Operation46 Outbound Logistic47 Selling and Gross saless48 Appendix 749 Balance score card of Castrol50 Vision and scheme51 Fiscal position52 Customer position53 Internal concern procedure position54 Learning and Growth perspective Critical issues The Burmah Oil Company is a Scots enterpriser company founded in 1886 with interested in working freshly found oil sedimentations in Burma. On set uping success was followed by a milepost investing in an geographic expedition grant across a significant country of Iran acquired from the Shah. Indeed, after a long period runing efficaciously as an inter- mediate keeping company for BP portions, the direction of Burmah in the sixtiess used the value of the portions as collateral to ship on an ambitious program to turn Burmah into both a to the full integrated oil company and a significant pudding stone group. The direction ay Castrol are with accomplishments in descrying both good directors and sound investing chances: the combination would enable all the Group s concerns to thrive and turn. There was sufficient similarity in footings of cardinal factors for success between Castrol and the Chemicals concerns to enable senior direction to add value across the portfolio. At late 80s there was an uncertainness, about where the Group was headed over the medium to long tally. This has led them to seek for moves that might supply such balance. The chance arose from Foseco after taking over its direction ; due to its down portion monetary value. There were besides other issues to screen out in the Chemicals concerns where some were underperforming: work needed to be done to better their overall operating efficiency. That was a undertaking that was successfully set about and delivered: signii ¬?cantly improved ratios were achieved through cost film editing and effectual focal point. In mid 1990s Burmah Castrol consisted of Castrol, blending and selling lubricators ; and Chemicals with a residuary Fuels retailing concern efficaciously the concluding relic of the past which was in the procedure of being sold off. The strategic reappraisal identii ¬?ed an implicit in subject of industrial selling and quality service as the nucleus competencies of the successful chemicals concerns. ( Appendix 1 ) Castrol s 75 per cent of its entire net income came from rider auto engine oil concern, faced the chance of more efficient engines necessitating longer and longer spreads between oil alterations ; and hence of possible long-run volume diminution. It has many strengths and failing with is explained in appendix 2. In 1996, they had a hard in North America after a tally of systematically good volume and proi ¬?t growing ; and at the same time we started to develop concerns about long-term developments in the rider auto engine oil concern in Europe. A job was that some of the countries of concern were enduring because of the dominant civilization of the rider auto engine oil concern. Castrol portion monetary value reached ?10 in the early 1990s and had nt truly moved from that degree. It moved to ?13 at one point and down to ?7 at another, but these were the extremes of a dull scope. Having split out the industrial concern from the rider auto engine oil concern, it farther highlighted, for illustration, that there might be more similarities between the industrial lubricators concern and the foundry chemicals concern than there were between. Castrol its trade name and selling civilization would stand for a great award to a figure of the major oil companies because of economic systems of graduated table and the broader coverage of the lubricators market that it would supply. At a point they had some deficiency of belief internally, deficiency of belief externally and a perchance time-limited chance as a consequence of oil industry consolidation. In add-on, one of their non-executives argued systematically at board meetings that there was so a time-limited chance to let go of value to stockholders. Therefore the critical issue is that Castrol should construct up a theoretical account which is compatible with environmental alterations in the shorter and the long tally. Critical rating In strategic analysis it is of import for Castrol to place the current environment which the oil industry operates. In mid 1990s Burmah Castrol consisted of Castrol, blending and selling lubricators ; and Chemicals with a residuary Fuels retailing concern efficaciously the concluding relic of the past which was in the procedure of being sold off. The rapid autumn in the gross revenues gross and the profitableness of the Castrol due to hapless direction and terrible competitions the direction of the Castrol have been be aftering to reconstitute its concern. They had a major drawback in direction as they had some deficiency of belief internally, deficiency of belief externally and a perchance time-limited chance as a consequence of oil industry consolidation. Castrol must be after to confront the competition and menace from other rivals such as BP which is one of the chief rivals to Toyota. The dickering power of the purchasers can be reduced if the supplies of Castrol merchandise are low. So Castrol should hold scheme to keep demand since it was the clip of recession. The dickering power of providers can be adjusted by holding competitory purchasing from different providers of good needed for oil industries. ( Refer appendix 3 ) During the fiscal twelvemonth 1995-1999 the Castrol Corporation spent a monolithic sum to keep its place in this competitory market disbursement more than 1000 million euro on restructuring of its scheme. However in 1999 the net income has decline mostly comparing to old twelvemonth due to high involvement payment and long term creditors to the company. The Castrol is confronting many political, economical issues and largely menaces from American and Dubai oil industry with create a major uncertainly of Castrol endurance in the market. Castrol environment has been analgised utilizing PEST ( Refer appendix 4 ) . Castrol is in an uncertainness place to keep monetary value stableness by distinction of its ain from others. Bing close to the clients has besides allowed them to section the market efficaciously. Castrol adopted an organizational construction that was significantly different from a traditional attack to reflect the new concern environment in the mid 1997 s. Unlike the construction of many modern construction oil companies they have adapted to their traditional attack because of it convenience. The Tim Steven at the company s degree holds a place as the CEO of Board of Directors, and the director was in charge of all other maps at Castrol. All functional caputs at Castrol besides hold the place of party secretary at that map. These, to a great grade, facilitate the coordination between the CEO and direction at Castrol, peculiarly at the functional degree. ( Refer appendix 5 ) Rival analysis The oil industry is boiling over with alterations. Deregulation, new chances in foreign Fieldss and markets and environmental challenges are hotfooting together head-on to determine the energy and public-service corporations concern of the hereafter. Castrol is confronting menaces from many foreign rivals bring forthing vehicle oil. And whilst they have been really successful in developing universe place, peculiarly in Asia Pacii ¬?c, that was improbable to offer sufficient to countervail the troubles that might be traveling to meet over a i ¬?ve-year tally absent of action in the bigger developed markets in Europe and North America. This had let to re-think what may go on to their rider engine oil concern and how rival may take advantage over this state of affairs. Martin Luther King jr. EssayOperates petrochemical concerns worldwide through the web of its subordinates and retail trade names The rider auto engine oil concern, which represented 75 per cent of entire net incomes faced the chance of more efficient engines oil suppliersCastrol strong trade name trueness for oil Very successful developing universe place, peculiarly in Asia Pacii ¬?c. Failings Castrol had some deficiency of belief internally, deficiency of belief externally and a perchance time-limited chance as a consequence of oil industry consolidation. Some of the countries of concern were enduring because of the dominant civilization of the rider auto engine oil concern. Reduce in portion monetary value of Castrol Opportunities The strategic reappraisal identii ¬?ed an implicit in subject of industrial selling and quality service as the nucleus competencies of the successful chemicals concerns. Extension of strategic oil and gas acquisitions in North Sea country ; Launch of more flexible monetary value policy to vie chief challengers. A Menaces Environmentally unsound policies due to oil and toxic spills ; Possibilities for rendering the Chemicals portfolio as a whole more significant and hence more able to sit comfortably aboard Castrol Discontinuing operations in a figure of possible locationsA with their farther re-branding ( Conoco ) ; Sale of corporate-owned Stationss ; Share monetary value was sliced down to ?7 which was the extremes of a dull scope. Since the rider auto engine oil concern, which represented 75 per cent of entire proi ¬?ts, faced the chance of more efficient engines necessitating longer and longer spreads between oil alterations ; and hence of possible long-run volume diminution. Further cases sing the company s ecological activities. Appendix 3 Industrial Environment analysis of Castrol by utilizing Porter s Five Forces theoretical account The strongest competitory force or forces determine the profitableness of an industry and go the most of import to scheme preparation ( Porter.M,2008 ) . Analysis by Porter s five forces can be said that menace of new entrants is low due to immense capital and cutting-edge engineering. Suppliers are weak because they are distributing all over the universe and can non easy frontward integrate. Buyers are weak due to low demand for non-consumer goods and high shift costs ; furthermore, purchasers are non able to backward integrate. Substitutes are reasonably strong due to different and less-expensive transit installations. On the other manus, strength of competition is strong because of major participants are dominant in the market by about same engineering and fabrication procedures, providers relationship and distribution systems. Dainty from New entryway Bargaining Power of Buyers Bargaining Power of Suppliers Revel among Rivals Dainty from Substitutes Menace of New Entrants- The enlargement of foreign rivals began to diminish the market of auto companies. As the universe is sing economic downswing there is a great chance for the low cost clients to come in into the market. The conference of clients towards the trade name is the merely barrier to entry the market. Power of Suppliers A batch of providers depend on a certain oil companies to purchase a bulk of their merchandises. If Castrol decided to alter providers it could be the terminal of the provider s concern. Consequently, providers have small power.A Castrol should hold a tightly bound web of providers, and partially to fudge against the loss of cardinal providers. Menace from substitutes- There are oil companies such as BP, Shell, trust etc which are the major rival in the oil concern market. Switch overing cost, alteration in purchaser s penchants and qualities of supply all create menace to Castrol Company. Power of purchasers Castrol dickering power of purchasers, is quiet weak for Castrol and the full car industry with a big figure of alternate providers, hence, the aggressive pricing scheme. The five forces analysis gives an improved apprehension of the grade of competition within the concern environment. The analysis shows that the automotive industry is extremely competitory, with purchasers possessing and exercising a really powerful influence to the big figure of utility trade names available to them. Appendix 4 Plague Analysis POLITICAL World energy markets are going more volatile due to the menace of geopolitical instability. Greater clime destabilizations from CO2 emanations are taking authoritiess to promote more sustainable signifiers of energy. World energy markets are going more volatile due to the turning oil demands of a floaty Chinese economic system, making tenseness between states A A A A A A ECONOMIC Economy is underpinned by its energy Energy markets will see demand increasing by about 60 per centum, with fossil fuels run intoing most of this, and atomic and renewable energy markets holding limited comparative part Alternative energy beginnings as a per centum of entire energy supply are increasing and are expected to go on to make so. SOCIAL Kyoto Agreement, signed in 1992, has led to carbon financess ( World Bank, ) and emanation trading in Europe and around the universe, which is going a legal demand. Peoples s worldview is get downing to alter to a concern over the sustainability of the hereafter, although this is non expected to alter dramatically to warrant widespread alterations to energy usage for some clip. A A A A A A Technology The International Energy Agency states that alternate energy markets will be underpinned by technological discoveries. Research shows engineering is the key to competitiveness in the alternate energy industry ; whilst alternate energy engineerings are underpinned by 48 critical success factors across technological, commercial, socio-political and organizational classs. Appendix 5 Organizational construction Castrol adopted an organizational construction that was significantly different from a traditional attack to reflect the new concern environment in the mid 1997 s. Unlike the construction of many modern construction oil companies they have adapted to their tradional attack because of it convenience. The Tim Steven at the company s degree holds a place as the CEO of Board of Directors, and the director was in charge of all other maps at Castrol. All functional caputs at Castrol besides hold the place of party secretary at that map. These, to a great grade, facilitate the coordination between the CEO and direction at Castrol, peculiarly at the functional degree. The organizational construction that created for Castrol is shown in this figure, Chief executive officer Vice President ( Production ) Vice President ( Technology ) Vice President ( Equipment ) oil devising oil turn overing Production office Technology Automation Quality review Equipment Care Planing A ; Accounting Materials Supply Forces Chairman Board of managers 50 state directors Line director Regional manager Regional manager sident Regional manager Regional manager Appendix 6 Value Chain analysis Firm Infrastructure ( Administration, Salaries and Wages, Assets of BMW, After sale services ) Technology Development ( New theoretical accounts, Development of new technological plans ) Human Resource Management ( Recruitment and choice of qualified applied scientists and general directors, uninterrupted preparation and development/ supervising ) Procurement ( Increase end product of new theoretical accounts such as mini and Road wanderer ) Inbound Logistic Geting contact with new provider for back up and production of new theoretical accounts to pull different groups of clients Operation Transporting out activities such as geting engineering and using skill workers Outbound Logistic consumer trueness created by quality Selling and Gross saless Selling is done by supplying a Effective stigmatization and establishes emotional contacts to the clients of Toyota Appendix 7 Balance score card of Castrol FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE How should we look to our stockholders? Vision and scheme Learning AND GROWTH PERPECTIVE: To accomplish our vision how should we prolong our ability to dispute better? CUSTOMER Focus: How should we look to our clients? OPERATINGPERFORMANCE: What concern processes must we stand out at? The balanced scorecard is a public presentation measuring and direction tool which is deriving in popularity and which is peculiarly utile for the execution and appraisal of scheme. The balanced scorecard is a comprehensive model that translates an organisation s vision into a coherent set of strategic enterprises and public presentation steps. Fiscal position Burmah Castrol is in fact really much more than one homogeneous concern and so the Castrol Lubes concern extends across a figure of sections, each rather different in nature. Each concern group is run independently from the others in Burmah Castrol and we have a strong tradition of local runing unit liberty. Indeed, it is just to state that we neer operate as a centralised concern and the size of our runing units tallies right across the spectrum from the really little to the really big, as this chart of one-year turnover illustrates. It have got 109 units, with an one-year turnover of less than ?5m and so travel down the graduated table ; 26 less than ?10m ; 20 at less than ?15m ; etc. And so travel right up the graduated table and there is what we would see as mega units: 1 at ?100m ; 1 in the ?200m scope ; and 2 in the ?300m scope. Customer position Castrol Consumer is universe leader in the supply of auto and bike lubricators and services, selling to workshops and retail ironss, car accoutrement shops and gasoline Stationss. Chief merchandises are engine oils, e.g. GTX, transmittal i ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uids and brake i ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uids. To set up in today s market it s critical for every company to set up a strong relationship between client and the company. Complete client satisfaction is what is needed to accomplish this relationship. Castrol should construct a strong relationship that reflects their values as persons and members of the society. And they ever try to construct relationships with clients based on common trust and trueness. Internal concern procedure position Castrol Commercial provides merchandises and services chiefly to on and off-road vehicle i ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡eets. Off-road concern includes vehicles used in building, quarrying, agribusiness and forestry. On-road i ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡eets cover trucks, coachs and managers. Castrol Commercial assists its clients in optimising service intervals, accomplishing fuel economic system and bettering engine efi ¬?ciencies Learning and Growth perspective Castrol should accommodate many new and advanced engineerings that have emerged in recent old ages to do their day-to-day lives more convenient, pleasant and productive. However these yearss engineering does non drive concern procedures for oil companies. The Castrol Production System does. However, engineering plays a critical function by back uping, enabling and conveying to life on a mass graduated table the procedures done by Castrol. It has to give more of import to its research and development to better expeditiously. Furthermore accommodating to traditional attack would be benefited and by bettering in other countries of industry.

Sunday, May 3, 2020

Romantic Music The Ideals of Instrumental Music Essay Example For Students

Romantic Music: The Ideals of Instrumental Music Essay At one point in the study of the Romantic period of music, we come upon the first of several apparently opposing conditions that plague all attempts to grasp the meaning of Romantic as applied to the music of the 19th century. This opposition involved the relation between music and words. If instrumental music is the perfect Romantic art, why is it acknowledged that the great masters of the symphony, the highest form of instrumental music, were not Romantic composers, but were the Classical composers, Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven? Moreover, one of the most characteristic 19th century genres was the Lied, a ocal piece in which Shubert, Schumann, Brahams, and Wolf attained a new union between music and poetry. Furthermore, a large number of leading composers in the 19th century were extremely interested and articulate in literary expression, and leading Romantic novelists and poets wrote about music with deep love and insight. The conflict between the ideal of pure instrumental music (absolute music) as the ultimate Romantic mode of expression, and the strong literary orientation of the 19th century, was resolved in the conception of program music. Program music, as Liszt and others in the 19th century used the term, is music associated with poetic, descriptive, and even narrative subject matter. This is done not by means of musical figures imitating natural sounds and movements, but by imaginative suggestion. Program music aimed to absorb and transmit the imagined subject matter in such a way that the resulting work, although programmed, does not sound forced, and transcends the subject matter it seeks to represent. Instrumental music thus became a vehicle for the utterance of houghts which, although first hinted in words, may ultimately be beyond the power of words to fully express. Practically every composer of the era was, to some degree, writing program music, weather or not this was publicly acknowledged. One reason it was so easy for listeners to connect a scene or a story or a poem with a piece of Romantic music is that often the composer himself, perhaps unconsciously, was working from some such ideas. Writers on music projected their own conceptions of the expressive functions of music into the past, and read Romantic programs nto the instrumental works not only of Beethoven, but also the likes of Mozart, Haydn, and Bach! The diffused scenic effects in the music of such composers as Mendelssohn and Schumann seem pale when compared to the feverish, and detailed drama that constitutes the story of Berliozs Symphonie fantastique (1830). Because his imagination always seemed to run in parallel literary and musical channels, Berlioz once subtitled his work Episode in the life of an artist, and provided a program for it which was in effect a piece of Romantic autobiography. In later years, he conceded that if necessary, when the symphony was performed by itself in concert, the program would need not be given out for the music would of itself, and irrespective of any dramatic aim, offer an interest in the musical sense alone. The principle formal departure in the symphony is the recurrence of the opening theme of the first Allegro, the idee fixe. This, according to the program, is the obsessive image of the heros beloved, that recurs in the other movements. To mention another example: in the coda of the Adagio there is a passage for solo English horn and four Tympani ntended to suggest distant thunder. The foremost composer of program music after Beriloz was Franz Liszt, twelve of whose symphonic poems were written between 1848 and 1858. The name symphonic poem is significant: these pieces are symphonic, but Liszt did not call them symphonies, presumably because or their short length, and the fact that they are not divided up into movements. Instead, each is a continuos form with various sections, more or less varied in tempo and character, and a few themes that are varied, developed, or repeated within the design of the work. .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 , .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .postImageUrl , .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 , .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:hover , .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:visited , .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:active { border:0!important; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:active , .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40 .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uabfbea9cad4d8f643f711fc090326e40:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Artificial Intelligence EssayLes Preludes, the only one that is still played much today, is well designed, melodious, and efficiently scored. However, its idiom causes it to be rhetorical in a sense. It forces todays listeners to here lavishly excessive emotion on ideas that do not seem sufficiently important for such a display of feeling. Liszts two symphonies were as programmatic as his symphonic poems. His masterpiece, the Faust Symphony, was dedicated to Berlioz. It consists of three movements entitled respectively Faust, Gretchen, and Mephistopheles, with a finale (added later) which is a setting for tenor soloist and male chorus. The first three movements correspond to the classic plan of an introduction in Allegro, Andante, and Scherzo. Liszt attempted to sum up the ideas of Romantic music in these words: Music embodies feeling without forcing it as it is forced in its other manifestations, in most arts and especially in the art of words to contend and combine with thought. it is the embodied and intelligent essence of feeling; capable of being apprehended by our senses, it permeates them like a dart, like a ray, like a dew, like a spirit, and fills our soul.